Cathodic protection is used to prevent corrosion by providing which of the following to the pipe?

Cathodic protection is a method used to prevent the corrosion of metal surfaces, particularly in pipelines and storage tanks, by introducing a protective current that controls the electrochemical reactions occurring on the metal surface. The technique typically involves supplying a low voltage current, which is sufficient to reverse the corrosion process without damaging the metal or the protective coating.

When a low voltage current is applied, it ensures that the metal surface becomes the cathode in the electrochemical cell, thereby preventing the oxidation (and hence corrosion) of the metal. This effective approach allows for a controlled and sustainable way to mitigate corrosion, making it a critical element in pipeline integrity management.

High voltage and high amperage currents are not suitable for cathodic protection because they can lead to excessive heating, physical damage to the coating, or even the potential for dangerous arc flash conditions. Low amperage currents, while generally safer, do not provide the necessary electrochemical conditions needed to effectively protect against corrosion. Therefore, a low voltage current is optimal as it strikes the right balance between effectiveness and safety in corrosion control strategies.